
Comparative Analysis of Fixed Asset Financing in China and the U.S.: Policy Logic and Market Practices
This comparative study examines the fundamental differences between Chinese and American fixed asset financing systems, offering critical insights for institutional investors and corporate treasurers. Key findings reveal: 1. Definition and Classification Frameworks 1.1 China: Policy-Guided Lending Architecture China’s fixed asset loans operate under strict regulatory frameworks with three distinctive features: a) Strategic industry prioritization b) Tiered maturity management c) Capital co-movement requirements 1.2 U.S.: Securitization-Driven Market American financing demonstrates capital market sophistication: a) Mortgage-backed securities dominance b) Private credit solutions 2. Regulatory Landscapes Compared Dimension China United States Capital Rules 30% minimum down payment (20% for strategic industries) Risk-based pricing with 300bps stress testing per SR15-19 guidance Risk Transfer PBOC relending facilities provide liquidity backstop 5% risk retention requirement for...