
The Balance Sheet: The Core of Financial Reporting and How to Detect Earnings Manipulation
Why the Balance Sheet is the “Master” Financial Statement While the income statement and cash flow statement are critical, the balance sheet is the only true “master” financial statement. Here’s why: The income and cash flow statements merely detail the dynamics already embedded in the balance sheet. The Hidden Links Between Balance Sheet and Income Statement The foundational equation linking these statements is:Assets = Liabilities + Owner’s Equity + Revenue – ExpensesThis reveals a critical truth: Inflated profits (Revenue – Expenses) require either: Case Study: Earnings Manipulation Tactics Red Flags: The Trio: Balance Sheet, Income Statement, and Cash Flow Statement 1. Expenses vs. Assets 2. Critical Cross-Statement Relationships Dissecting Earnings Quality: Five Types of “Profit” Not all profits are equal....